CHOOSING A PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE.
The choice of a project organizational structure is typically addressed to the senior management of the parent organization or benefactors. Very rarely do Project Managers have a choice about the way the project interacts with the parent organization.
Basically, the type or form of project organization structure may be influenced by variables such as:
- The nature of the potential project, whether researching, manufacturing, works etc.
- The characteristics of the various organizational goals.
- The total costs and total benefits of each structure.
- The policies, priorities and preferences of the parent organization.
- The extent of resources required to implement the project more competently.
- Geographical and cultural disparities.
- The levels of the technologies to be embraced.
- The number of projects to be handled simultaneously.
- The uniqueness of the project to be rolled out.
- The level of efficiency and effectiveness expected.
Before the right project organizational structure is finally chosen or determined, the procedure below is typically followed:
- Define the project with a statement of the objectives that identify the major outcomes desired
- Determine the key tasks associated with each objective and locate the units in the parent organization that serve as functional homes for such of tasks.
- Arrange the key tasks by sequence and decompose them into work packages.
- Determine which organizational units are required to carry out the work packages which units will work particularly closely with others.
- List any special characteristics or assumptions associated with the project e.g. level technology needed, probable length and size, possible potential problems,who may be assigned to the project etc.
- In light of the above, and with full cognizance of the pros and cons associated with each structural form so as to choose the most appropriate organizationalstructure.
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